Side Effects of Gum Depigmentation
Have you noticed dark brown or black spots or discoloration on your gums? If so, you are not alone, this is a fairly common condition known as gum hyperpigmentation. Generally, dark spots are naturally occurring and don’t pose a risk to your health, but it is important that they are looked at to make sure. If you are concerned about any dark spots on your gums, it is important to have them evaluated by a dentist. A dentist can not only put your mind at ease but can also recommend ways of lightening the gums to improve the aesthetics of your smile! We call the lightening of gums “gum depigmentation.”
There are different techniques for removing pigmentation from the gums. The two most common methods are laser depigmentation and surgical depigmentation.
In laser depigmentation, a laser is used to remove melanin (the pigment responsible for the dark color) from the surface of the gums. The procedure is relatively non-invasive, and the laser works by selectively targeting pigmented cells without damaging surrounding tissue. Surgical methods are a bit more invasive and consist of removing the upper layer of the gums where the pigmentation is concentrated. This can be done using manual or laser surgical instruments.
Gum depigmentation, although generally considered safe, can cause several side effects, which vary depending on the method used and each patient's individual reaction.
What are the side effects for gum depigmentation?
Rare but potential side effects of gum depigmentation include:
Pain and discomfort
After the procedure, the gums may be sensitive or sore, especially if an invasive surgical method was used. This pain is usually temporary and can be relieved with pain relievers.
Swelling and redness
It is common to observe swelling of the gums after depigmentation, particularly in the first 24 to 48 hours following the procedure. The gums may also become red or irritated during the healing phase.
Light bleeding
Minor bleeding may occur during or after the procedure, especially if surgical instruments were used to scrape or remove pigmentation from the gums. This bleeding is usually temporary and stops quickly with proper care.
Increased gum sensitivity
After depigmentation, the gums may become more sensitive, particularly to hot or cold foods. This may last for a few days or weeks, depending on the method used and the patient's individual response.
Infections
As with any surgical procedure or invasive procedure, there is a risk of infection if hygiene rules are not strictly followed.
Gum recession
If the depigmentation procedure is too aggressive or done incorrectly, it can lead to gum recession, where the gums recede and leave the roots of the teeth exposed. This can cause tooth sensitivity and make teeth more vulnerable to cavities.
Hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation
In some cases, treatment may not be uniform, which may result in hyperpigmentation (darker areas) or hypopigmentation (lighter areas). This can give an uneven appearance to the gums.
Scars
Although rare, scarring can occur after a surgical procedure, especially if the gums have been too aggressively scraped or manipulated.
Relapse of pigmentation
In some cases, the gums may become pigmented again over time, especially if the cause of the pigmentation was genetic or related to other external factors such as smoking.
In Conclusion
Side effects of gum depigmentation are usually temporary and disappear after healing. However, as with any procedure, complications can arise if the procedure is not performed correctly or if post-procedure care is not followed. It is essential to consult a qualified dentist to minimize risks and ensure a safe result. Contact us today about gum depigmentation and we will be happy to discuss your case.